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Explore knowledge selected to support preparation for the Canadian citizenship test. Every record on this page belongs to the Citizenship Test collection within our knowledge base.
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The Battle of the Atlantic lasted from 3 September 1939 to 8 May 1945 and has been called the longest battle of the Second World War. Canadian naval and air forces helped protect the vital flow of Allied shipping across the Atlantic.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Dennis G. Jarvis · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
The raid on Dieppe, on the French coast, took place on the morning of 19 August 1942. Canadians made up the great majority of the attackers: nearly 5,000 of the 6,100 troops.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Herbert Frank from Wien (Vienna), AT · Photo licence: CC BY 2.0 · Credit & context
On 6 December 1917, SS Mont-Blanc, which was carrying explosives, collided with SS Imo in Halifax Harbour. The resulting explosion, tidal wave and fires killed some 2,000 people. Parks Canada describes it as the largest human-made explosion before the atomic bomb.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Dennis G. Jarvis · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
It was long believed that King George V’s 1921 proclamation of Canada’s coat of arms designated red and white as the national colours, but the proclamation contains no such declaration. Canadian Heritage notes that red and white are not set in law as national colours but have become part of national identity through common use.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Sikander Iqbal · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Terry Fox began his Marathon of Hope, a cross-Canada run to raise money for cancer research, by dipping his artificial leg in the Atlantic Ocean on 12 April 1980. After 143 days and 5,373 kilometres, he was forced to stop outside Thunder Bay, Ontario, on 1 September 1980 because cancer had appeared in his lungs.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jeangagnon · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Canada adopted its first federal Official Languages Act in 1969. It declared English and French to be the two official languages of the Parliament and government of Canada.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Takipoint123 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Frederick Banting and John Macleod shared the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for the discovery of insulin.” Banting, born in Alliston, Ontario, was affiliated with the University of Toronto at the time of the award.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Adam Bishop · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
L’Anse aux Meadows, at the tip of Newfoundland’s Great Northern Peninsula, holds the first known evidence of European presence in the Americas. Norse expeditions from Greenland built a small timber-and-sod encampment there over 1,000 years ago; the site was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Pierre Gingras · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
On 6 June 1944, some 14,000 Canadians came ashore at Juno Beach in Normandy, under heavy enemy fire, to help establish an Allied beachhead. Veterans Affairs Canada reports that 359 Canadian soldiers were killed on D-Day.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: remiforall · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The Battle of Vimy Ridge began on Easter Monday, 9 April 1917. It was the first time all four divisions of the Canadian Corps fought together as one formation.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: 0x010C · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
On 18 October 1929, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council ruled that women were “persons” under section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, and therefore eligible for appointment to the Senate. The appeal followed a 1928 Supreme Court of Canada decision and a campaign by five Alberta women: Emily Murphy, Henrietta Muir Edwards, Louise McKinney, Nellie McClung and Irene Parlby.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: John.B.Codrington · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The Order of Canada was created in 1967, Canada’s centennial year. It honours people who make extraordinary contributions to the nation; its motto, Desiderantes meliorem patriam, means “They desire a better country.”
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Concierge.2C · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
Canada’s coat of arms was adopted by proclamation of King George V in 1921. Canada’s motto, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, translates as “From Sea to Sea.”
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Colin Smith · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
The July 1 holiday was formerly known as Dominion Day. Its name officially changed to Canada Day on 27 October 1982; the annual celebration remained on July 1.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Toy Dog Design from Toronto, ON, Canada · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 recognizes and affirms the existing Aboriginal and treaty rights of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. It identifies Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples for this provision.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR / Daniel Vorndran · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The Canadian Citizenship Act came into effect on 1 January 1947. It established Canadian citizenship as a distinct legal category, an important development in Canada’s evolving national identity.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Skeezix1000 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
The Statute of Westminster, 1931 recognized the Dominions’ legal autonomy. Canada retained a reservation concerning amendments to the British North America Acts; domestic constitutional amendment procedures followed in 1982.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Diliff · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.5 · Credit & context
Many women gained the federal vote in 1918 when the gender barrier was removed. Other eligibility restrictions still excluded some women, so the change did not establish universal voting rights.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: John.B.Codrington · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The federal government introduced a head tax on Chinese immigrants in 1885. This discriminatory measure was distinct from the restrictive Chinese Immigration Act adopted in 1923, which severely limited Chinese immigration.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Northwest · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextCanada patriated its Constitution in 1982. The constitutional changes included procedures allowing amendments to be made in Canada, instead of relying on the United Kingdom for major changes.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR / Daniel Vorndran · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Section 35(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 names Indian, Inuit, and Métis peoples in its description of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jeangagnon · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The maple tree was designated Canada’s national arboreal emblem in 1996.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wilfredor · Photo licence: CC0 · Credit & context
The beaver became an official Canadian symbol on 24 March 1975.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Charles J. Sharp · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextO Canada became Canada’s national anthem in 1980; the song was first performed in 1880.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Toy Dog Design from Toronto, ON, Canada · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context