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Explore knowledge selected to support preparation for the Canadian citizenship test. Every record on this page belongs to the Citizenship Test collection within our knowledge base.
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O Canada is Canada’s national anthem; God Save the King is the royal anthem. They have different roles. The English words of the national anthem were amended by legislation in 2018.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Quebec’s flag, the fleurdelisé, became its official flag on 21 January 1948. Its design places four white fleurs-de-lys around a white cross on a blue field.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextDiscover Canada frames early Canadian history through Indigenous, French and British foundations. This is the guide’s framing, not an exhaustive list of Canada’s peoples or a ranking of citizens.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextThe British victory at the Plains of Abraham in 1759 was a major turning point in the struggle for New France. The Quebec Act of 1774 preserved French civil law and accommodated Catholic religious practice under British rule.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextThe guide places John Cabot’s Atlantic voyage in 1497, Jacques Cartier’s voyages in 1534–1542, and Samuel de Champlain’s foundation at Québec in 1608. These European milestones occurred in lands already inhabited by Indigenous peoples.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextQuebec experienced rapid social and institutional change in the 1960 s, known as the Quiet Revolution. Referendums on Quebec sovereignty were held in 1980 and 1995; the proposals were defeated in both votes.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are Canada’s three territories. Their capitals are Whitehorse, Yellowknife and Iqaluit. The study guide also highlights the Canadian Rangers’ role in remote northern communities.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Gerald Holdsworth · Photo licence: Public domain · Credit & context
British Columbia forms the study guide’s West Coast region. Its capital is Victoria, while Vancouver is associated with the Pacific port and trade links to the Asia-Pacific region.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Ymblanter · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta form the Prairie Provinces. Their capitals are Winnipeg, Regina and Edmonton. Agriculture and natural resources are major themes in the study guide’s description of the region.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: David Mathew · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
In Discover Canada, Central Canada means Ontario and Quebec. The Great Lakes–St. Lawrence corridor, manufacturing, services, cultural life and the two provinces’ different linguistic histories are central study themes.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: APK · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Atlantic Canada includes four provinces with distinct histories. The study guide connects the region with fishing, shipping and natural resources, and highlights Prince Edward Island’s role as the birthplace of Confederation.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Quintin Soloviev · Photo licence: CC BY 4.0 · Credit & contextEach of Canada’s ten provinces and three territories has its own capital. Ottawa is the national capital; Victoria is British Columbia’s capital, Québec City is Quebec’s, and Toronto is Ontario’s.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Quintin Soloviev · Photo licence: CC BY 4.0 · Credit & contextCanada borders the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic oceans. Discover Canada groups the country into Atlantic Canada, Central Canada, the Prairie Provinces, the West Coast and the Northern Territories.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Gerald Holdsworth · Photo licence: Public domain · Credit & contextCanada Day is July 1 and Remembrance Day is November 11. Labour Day is observed on the first Monday in September and Thanksgiving on the second Monday in October; Victoria Day falls on the Monday preceding May 25.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextThe current Oath of Citizenship names King Charles the Third and commits new citizens to observe Canadian laws, including the Constitution’s recognition of the Aboriginal and treaty rights of First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextIRCC bases citizenship-test questions on Discover Canada. Its test-information page states that the test has 20 questions, allows 45 minutes and requires at least 15 correct answers to pass.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Lester B. “Mike” Pearson, Canada’s fourteenth prime minister, was an influential diplomat who became Secretary of State for External Affairs in 1948, helped form NATO and won the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership at the United Nations during the Suez crisis. Liberal leader from 1958 and prime minister from 1963 to 1968, he promoted bilingualism, championed the new flag, and brought in universal medicare and the Canada Pension Plan.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Capital Press · Photo licence: Public domain · Credit & context
New Brunswick’s first Official Languages Act, enacted on 18 April 1969, made it Canada’s first and only officially bilingual province. The Act made English and French the province’s two official languages and recognized the right to receive provincial government services in either.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Doug Kerr · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
The Métis Nation emerged in the historic Northwest during the fur trade as a distinct Indigenous people with its own culture, traditions, language (Michif) and nationhood. The Métis Nation Homeland includes Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta and parts of Ontario, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and the northern United States.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Fungus Guy · Photo licence: CC BY 4.0 · Credit & context
It was long believed that King George V’s 1921 proclamation of Canada’s coat of arms designated red and white as the national colours, but the proclamation contains no such declaration. Canadian Heritage notes that red and white are not set in law as national colours but have become part of national identity through common use.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Sikander Iqbal · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Canada adopted its first federal Official Languages Act in 1969. It declared English and French to be the two official languages of the Parliament and government of Canada.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Takipoint123 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Canada’s coat of arms was adopted by proclamation of King George V in 1921. Canada’s motto, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, translates as “From Sea to Sea.”
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Colin Smith · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
Michif is a distinct language associated with the Métis people and their history. Its development draws on French and Cree, but it is a language in its own right, not simply incorrect French or Cree.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jay Friesen · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
English and French have equal status in the institutions of Parliament and the Government of Canada. This institutional principle is different from saying that every Canadian must speak both languages.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Chris Woodrich · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context