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The National Film Board of Canada was created in 1939. This federal cultural agency produces and distributes original audiovisual works that reflect Canadian experiences and perspectives.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jeangagnon · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Canada’s coat of arms was adopted by proclamation of King George V in 1921. Canada’s motto, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, translates as “From Sea to Sea.”
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Colin Smith · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
The Canadian Pacific Railway’s ceremonial last spike was driven at Craigellachie, British Columbia, on 7 November 1885. Chinese workers made important contributions to the railway’s construction but are absent from the famous last-spike photograph.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Dietmar Rabich · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The British Parliament’s Quebec Act of 1774 restored French civil law in the Province of Quebec while British criminal law remained. It also allowed Roman Catholics to practise their faith.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Diliff · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.5 · Credit & context
The July 1 holiday was formerly known as Dominion Day. Its name officially changed to Canada Day on 27 October 1982; the annual celebration remained on July 1.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Toy Dog Design from Toronto, ON, Canada · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 recognizes and affirms the existing Aboriginal and treaty rights of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. It identifies Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples for this provision.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR / Daniel Vorndran · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The Canadian Citizenship Act came into effect on 1 January 1947. It established Canadian citizenship as a distinct legal category, an important development in Canada’s evolving national identity.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Skeezix1000 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & contextThe Statute of Westminster, 1931 recognized the Dominions’ legal autonomy. Canada retained a reservation concerning amendments to the British North America Acts; domestic constitutional amendment procedures followed in 1982.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Diliff · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.5 · Credit & context
Many women gained the federal vote in 1918 when the gender barrier was removed. Other eligibility restrictions still excluded some women, so the change did not establish universal voting rights.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: John.B.Codrington · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The federal government introduced a head tax on Chinese immigrants in 1885. This discriminatory measure was distinct from the restrictive Chinese Immigration Act adopted in 1923, which severely limited Chinese immigration.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Northwest · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The deportation of the Acadians began in 1755. Grand-Pré National Historic Site commemorates both Acadian settlement in the area and the forced dispersal of Acadian communities.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: E.walker · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
The National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation officially opened in 2015. Statements, documents and other materials gathered by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission became a central part of its work of preserving residential school history.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: GoToVan · Photo licence: CC BY 2.0 · Credit & context
In 1870, representatives of the English- and French-speaking Red River communities met in the Convention of Forty and agreed on demands to present to Ottawa. The convention declared a provisional government with Louis Riel as president.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jay Friesen · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextCanada patriated its Constitution in 1982. The constitutional changes included procedures allowing amendments to be made in Canada, instead of relying on the United Kingdom for major changes.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR / Daniel Vorndran · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextThe Constitution Act, 1867, originally called the British North America Act, is one of the texts forming Canada’s Constitution. It sets out important institutions and governmental powers.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: DXR / Daniel Vorndran · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextIn 2015, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada concluded its mandate. Its final report included 94 Calls to Action.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: GoToVan · Photo licence: CC BY 2.0 · Credit & context
Section 35(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 names Indian, Inuit, and Métis peoples in its description of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Jeangagnon · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
The maple tree was designated Canada’s national arboreal emblem in 1996.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wilfredor · Photo licence: CC0 · Credit & context
The beaver became an official Canadian symbol on 24 March 1975.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Charles J. Sharp · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & contextO Canada became Canada’s national anthem in 1980; the song was first performed in 1880.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Toy Dog Design from Toronto, ON, Canada · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 · Credit & context
Canada’s current national flag was first raised on 15 February 1965.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: William B. Grice · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context
Prince Edward Island entered Canadian Confederation on 1 July 1873.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Robert Linsdell from St. Andrews, Canada · Photo licence: CC BY 2.0 · Credit & context
Newfoundland entered Canadian Confederation on 31 March 1949.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Quintin Soloviev · Photo licence: CC BY 4.0 · Credit & context
The territory of Nunavut was established on 1 April 1999.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Quintin Soloviev · Photo licence: CC BY 4.0 · Credit & context