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Courts resolve cases and legal disputes; police enforce laws and protect public safety. Canadians can question police service or conduct and use the applicable complaint process.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wladyslaw / Taxiarchos228 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & contextThe rule of law subjects individuals and governments to law. Due process requires respect for legal procedures and rights. In criminal proceedings, an accused person is presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wladyslaw / Taxiarchos228 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & contextThe Supreme Court of Canada is the country’s final court of appeal. Its work includes cases involving common law, civil law and constitutional questions, as well as advisory opinions on questions referred to it.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wladyslaw / Taxiarchos228 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & contextJudicial independence means that judges can decide cases on the basis of law and facts, free from improper influence by government or other outside parties. It supports the rule of law.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Wladyslaw / Taxiarchos228 · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Credit & context
A federal bill must be adopted in identical form by the House of Commons and the Senate and receive royal assent to become law. Its provisions may come into force at a later date.
Contributor: Citizen.ca
Photo: Kelvin Chan · Photo licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credit & context